Abstract

The effects of soaking the seeds in solution of selenium (Se) and foliarly spraying with Se on Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Stanko and Topolovec were studied. The flows of electrons in the photosynthetic apparatus and in the respiratory chain were measured in control plants and in plants developed from selenium treated seeds and in once and twice foliarly treated plants. Yield of control and treated plants was measured at the end of experiment. The respiratory potential of Phaseolus vulgaris , measured by electron transport system (ETS) activity in cv. Stanko, significantly increased in selenium treated plants. The potential and effective photochemical efficiency of photosystem II were similar comparing treated and untreated plants. The addition of selenium induced yield in twice Se foliarly treated plants in both cultivars growing in greenhouse.

Keywords

Phaseolus vulgaris, selenium, yield

Abstract

Trees as a perennial growth form require time to evolve the complex response to enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B), and this might lead to slow but important changes in forest ecosystem structure and function. Long-term outdoor experiments on trees however are few in number. The available published results suggest that broadleaf and conifer trees may show different response strategies to enhanced UV-B radiation. The long-term outdoor experiments indicate species- and season-specific differential responses in tree secondary metabolism, photosynthesis,

water relations, and growth and development.

Keywords

listavci, iglavci, sevanje UV-B, večletni poskus, naravne razmere

Abstract

In 2013 and 2014 the effect of red deer grazing ( Cervus elaphus ) on

yield decrease and its changes in forage quality was investigated on the permanent

grassland of an organic cattle farm at Stari Breg in the Kočevje region. We performed

the standard method of yield loss determination (iron cages) in the period from June to

October in three cuts. In the first year of research we determined a 56% yield loss (4.0

t/ha of dry matter), and in the second year a 75% yield loss (5.0 t/ha of dry matter). In

2014 the content of crude proteins in the forage was always larger in an unprotected

(control) treatment than in a protected treatment, and we annotate this to permanent

vegetative sward regrowth due to severe and uncontrolled red deer grazing. On the

contrary, the content of crude fiber was higher in the forage that was enclosed in cages

(treatment protected). Due to large yield loss at all cuts we also observed a significantly

smaller yield of crude proteins, metabolized energy, and NEL in the control treatment.

We established that in the studied location that red deer were an important biotic factor

that limited productivity on the permanent grassland. This is why it is necessary to find

solutions in the future that enable the co-existence of humans (farmers) and wildlife.

Keywords

permanent grassland, yield reduction, cutting, feeding value, red deer, Kočevje region

Abstract

Paper represents parasitoid wasp of Cabbage Butterfly ( Cotesia

glomerata ) and its importance for biological control. Species is known as a natural

enemy of Cabbage Butterfly ( Pieris brassicae ) which is exposed to parasitoid wasp

attacks particularly in the period between the first and third larval stage. Palaeartic

species, which has a developmental characteristics of endoparasite, was in the area of

Slovenia mentioned for the first already in 1870 but not enough detail records about its

occurrence are available. We confirmed the presence of Cotesia glomerata in 2014 at

two locations in Slovenia. The purpose of present contribution is the introduction of

parasitoid wasp of Cabbage Butterfly with the intention of its future more intensive

use in conservation biological control.

Keywords

parasitoid wasp of cabbage butterfly, Cotesia glomerata , Apanteles glomeratus , cabbage butterfly, Pieris brassicae , Cole crops, cabbage, Brassica oleracea , conservation biological control

Abstract

This is a first report on C. militaris mycelia and fruiting bodies cultivation on solid-state containing spent brewery grains (SBG). Five different strains of C. militaris were cultivated on substrates containing rye grains and 0 to 60% SBG. Stromata formation on SBG containing substrates was noticed with two C. militaris strains. All strains failed to grow on substrates containing SBG amounts higher than 50%. Highest (10.42 mg/g) cordycepin concentration in cultivating substrate was determined with strain CM2 on 50% SBG. One gram of CM11 strain fungal biomass was able to produce 787.11 mg/g of cordycepin. SBG as a byproduct represent a readily available, low price substrate for cordycepin solid-state production. Obtained concentrations of cordycepin are so far the highest reported concentrations obtained on solid-state substrates therefore we can talk about cordycepin hyperproduction.

Keywords

Cordyceps militaris , spent brewery grains, cordycepin, cultivation, medicinal mushrooms